Vanadium is a grayish, malleable, ductile, metal. In situ, vanadium is found in numerous minerals, including magnetite, titanomagnetite, vanadinite and carnotite.

The most common occurrence - is as vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), which may turn yellowish to blue in color with oxidization.

Vanadium is usually found naturally as vanadium pentoxide and can be sold either as vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), or processed into ferrovanadium for industrial use such as steel-making.